My observation can be as follows:
Sports: Can be of different weight and different power. E.g. Ninja250, R1. Mainly for speed.
Touring: Usually heavy. E.g. BMW R 1200 GS, Honda goldwing. Main purpose is to munch miles after miles without tiring for both man and machine.
Street: Can be of different weight and different power. E.g Yamaha MT01 Honda CB 1000R. Purpose is to command the street.
Choppers: Need I say anything.
Dirt: Those little things that flies around dirt tracks or offroad. Usually light and nimble.
Commuters: Almost all small capacity bikes available in India. Usually light and small. Economy being the mantra.
Of course all categories can overlap one another one way or the other. Or small cc (commuter) bikes try to mimic the real stuffs which in my opinion is what manufacturers does here. Apart from these, there are some purpose built bikes which are impractical for all else except for the purpose they are built for.
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